General MySQL Oracle SQL Server

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Create a Server Parameter File in Oracle
How To Create a Server Parameter File in Oracle? This is Step 5. The initialization parameter file is good to get an Oracle database instance started. But it is not ideal run an instance as production. You need to convert the initialization parameter file into a Server Parameter File (SPFile) using ... 2018-05-08, 2372🔥, 0💬

Start an Oracle Instance in Oracle
How To Start an Oracle Instance in Oracle? This is Step 6. Now you are ready to start the new Oracle Instance without any database. This instance will be used to create a database. Starting an instance without database can be done by using STARTUP NOMOUNT statement as shown below: &gt;.\bin\sqlp... 2018-05-08, 2338🔥, 0💬

Run CREATE DATABASE Statement in Oracle
How To Run CREATE DATABASE Statement in Oracle? This is Step 7. Oracle Administrator Guide provided a sample CREATE DATABASE statement. But it is a long statement. You can modify and same it in a file, $ORACLE_HOME/configscripts/cre ate_database_fyi.sql,and run the file within SQL*Plus. Here is a co... 2018-05-08, 2270🔥, 0💬

"mysql" Command Line Arguments in MySQL
What Are the "mysql" Command Line Arguments in MySQL? "mysql" supports only one optional command line argument, "database". But "mysql" allows the operating system to redirect input and output streams at the command line level. Here are some good examples: "mysql databaseName" - Starts "mysql" in in... 2018-04-28, 2578🔥, 0💬

"mysql" - Command Line End User Interface in MySQL
What Is the Command Line End User Interface - mysql in MySQL? "mysql", official name is "MySQL monitor", is a command-line interface for end users to manage user data objects. "mysql" has the following main features: "mysql" is command line interface. It is not a Graphical User Interface (GUI). "mys... 2018-04-28, 2381🔥, 0💬

"mysql" Command Line Options in MySQL
What Are the "mysql" Command Line Options in MySQL? "mysql" offers a big list of command line options. Here are some commonly used options: "-?" - Displays a help message on how to use "mysql" and terminates the program. "-u userName" - Specifies a user name for the server to authenticate when conne... 2018-04-28, 2344🔥, 0💬

Command-Line End User Interface 'mysql'
Where to find answers to frequently asked questions on Command-Line End User Interface "mysql"? Here is a list of frequently asked questions and their answers compiled by FYIcenter.com DBA team on Command-Line End User Interface "mysql". Clear answers are provided with tutorial exercises on mysql co... 2018-04-28, 2273🔥, 0💬

Loading Data Files with "mysqlimport" Command in MySQL
How To Load Data Files into Tables with "mysqlimport" in MySQL? If you want to load a data file directly into a table, you need to prepare the data file as one line per data row, and use tab character as the column delimiter. The data file name should match the target table name. The following is a ... 2018-04-28, 2251🔥, 0💬

Returning Query Output in XML Format in MySQL
How To Return Query Output in XML Format in MySQL? By default, "mysql" returns query output in text table format. If you want to receive query output in XML format, you need to use the "-X" command option. Here is a good tutorial exercise: &gt;cd \mysql\bin &gt;mysql -u root -X test mysql&am... 2018-04-21, 2449🔥, 0💬

Introduction to SQL Basics in MySQL
Where to find answers to frequently asked questions on Introduction to SQL Basics in MySQL? Here is a list of frequently asked questions and their answers compiled by FYIcenter.com DBA team on Introduction to SQL Basics in MySQL. Clear answers are provided with tutorial exercises on character and nu... 2018-04-21, 2197🔥, 0💬

DDL Commands Supported in MySQL
How Many SQL DDL Commands Are Supported by "mysql" in MySQL? There are 4 SQL Data Definition Language (DDL) commands that are supported by "mysql". They are listed below with short descriptions: "CREATE dataObjectType dataObjectName" - Creates new databases, tables, views, triggers, indexes, and oth... 2018-04-21, 2122🔥, 0💬

What Is SQL Standard in MySQL
What Is SQL Standard in MySQL? SQL, SEQUEL (Structured English Query Language), is a language for RDBMS (Relational Database Management Systems). SQL was developed by IBM Corporation. SQL became an ANSI standard, called SQL-87, in 1986. ISO made a major revision, called SQL-92, in 1992. The latest r... 2018-04-21, 2052🔥, 0💬

Groups of Data Types in MySQL
How Many Groups of Data Types in MySQL? MySQL support 3 groups of data types as listed below: String Data Types - CHAR, NCHAR, VARCHAR, NVARCHAR, BINARY, VARBINARY, TINYBLOB, TINYTEXT, BLOB, TEXT, MEDIUMBLOB, MEDIUMTEXT, LONGBLOB, LONGTEXT, ENUM, SET Numeric Data Types - BIT, TINYINT, BOOLEAN, SMALL... 2018-04-21, 2149🔥, 0💬

Escape Special Characters in MySQL
How To Escape Special Characters in SQL statements in MySQL? There are a number of special characters that needs to be escaped (protected), if you want to include them in a character string. Here are some basic character escaping rules: The escape character (\) needs to be escaped as (\\). The singl... 2018-04-12, 3232🔥, 0💬

Character String Data Types in MySQL
What Are Character String Data Types in MySQL? MySQL supports the following string data types: CHAR(n) same as CHARACTER(n) - Fixed width and " " padded characters strings. Default character set is ASCII. NCHAR(n) same as NATIONAL CHARACTER(n) - Fixed width and " " padded character strings with UTF8... 2018-04-12, 2132🔥, 0💬

Evaluating Expressions with SELECT Statements in MySQL
How To Calculate Expressions with SELECT Statements in MySQL? There is no special SQL statements to calculate expressions. But you can use the "SELECT expression FROM DUAL" statement return the calculated value of an expression. "DUAL" is a dummy table in the server. The tutorial exercise below show... 2018-04-12, 2081🔥, 0💬

Entering Character Strings in MySQL
How To Include Character Strings in SQL statements in MySQL? If you want to include character strings in your SQL statements, you need to quote them in one of the following formats: Using single quotes. For example 'FYIcenter.com'. Using double quotes. For example "FYI Center". Using single quotes p... 2018-04-12, 1992🔥, 0💬

Including Comments in SQL Statements in MySQL
How To Include Comments in SQL Statements in MySQL? If you want to include comments in a SQL statement, you can first enter "--", then enter your comment until the end of the line. The tutorial exercise below shows you some good examples: SELECT 'Hello world!' FROM DUAL; -- My first SQL statement! I... 2018-04-12, 1974🔥, 0💬

Concatenating Character Strings in MySQL
How To Concatenate Two Character Strings in MySQL? If you want concatenate multiple character strings into one, you need to use the CONCAT() function. Here are some good examples: SELECT CONCAT('Welcome',' to') FROM DUAL; Welcome to SELECT CONCAT('FYI','center','.com') FROM DUAL; FYIcenter.com   ⇒ E... 2018-04-07, 1958🔥, 0💬

Open Multiple Cursors at the Same Time in Oracle
Can Multiple Cursors Being Opened at the Same Time in Oracle? Yes, multiple cursors can be opened at the same time. See the following example: CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE FYI_CENTER AS CURSOR emp_cur IS SELECT * FROM employees; emp_rec employees%ROWTYPE; CURSOR dpt_cur IS SELECT * FROM departments; ... 2018-04-07, 2983🔥, 0💬

What Is a Cursor Variable in Oracle
What Is a Cursor Variable in Oracle? A cursor variable is a variable of a specific REF CURSOR data type, which is a pointer to a data structure resource connects to query statement result, similar to the CURSOR data type.. The advantage of using cursor variables is that cursor variables can be used ... 2018-04-07, 2262🔥, 0💬

Use FETCH Statement in a Loop in Oracle
How To Use FETCH Statement in a Loop in Oracle? If you have a cursor opened ready to use, you can also use the FETCH statement in a loop to retrieve data from the cursor more efficiently. But you need to remember to use an EXIT statement break the loop when the cursor pointer reaches the end. The sc... 2018-04-07, 2117🔥, 0💬

Use an Explicit Cursor without OPEN Statements in Oracle
How To Use an Explicit Cursor without OPEN Statements in Oracle? If you want to open a cursor and loop through its data rows in quick way, you can use the FOR ... IN ... LOOP statement in the same way as the implicit cursor. The following tutorial exercise gives you a good example: CREATE OR REPLACE... 2018-04-07, 2079🔥, 0💬

Entering Characters as HEX Numbers in MySQL
How To Enter Characters as HEX Numbers in MySQL? If you want to enter characters as HEX numbers, you can quote HEX numbers with single quotes and a prefix of (X), or just prefix HEX numbers with (0x). A HEX number string will be automatically converted into a character string, if the expression cont... 2018-03-31, 2411🔥, 0💬

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General MySQL Oracle SQL Server