General MySQL Oracle SQL Server

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Use LIKE Conditions in Oracle
How To Use LIKE Conditions in Oracle? LIKE condition is also called pattern patch. There 3 main rules on using LIKE condition: '_' is used in the pattern to match any one character. '%' is used in the pattern to match any zero or more characters. ESCAPE clause is used to provide the escape character... 2020-03-15, 2989🔥, 0💬

What Is a Directory Object in Oracle
What Is a Directory Object in Oracle? A directory object is a logical alias for a physical directory path name on the operating system. Directory objects can be created, dropped, and granted access permissions to different users. The following tutorial exercise shows you some good examples: &gt;... 2016-10-15, 2989🔥, 0💬

Transaction Rollback When Session Killed in Oracle
What Happens to the Current Transaction If the Session Is Killed in Oracle? If a session is killed by the DBA, the current transaction in that session will be rolled back and ended. All the database changes made in the current transaction will be removed. This is called an implicit rollback when ses... 2019-08-23, 2987🔥, 0💬

Date and Time Interval Literals in Oracle
How To Write Date and Time Interval Literals in Oracle? Date and time interval literals can coded as shown in the following samples: SELECT DATE '2002-10-03' + INTERVAL '123-2' YEAR(3) TO MONTH FROM DUAL -- 123 years and 2 months is added to 2002-10-03 03-DEC-25 SELECT DATE '2002-10-03' + INTERVAL '... 2020-03-25, 2979🔥, 0💬

Login to Server without an Instance in Oracle
How To Login to the Server without an Instance in Oracle? If your default instance is in trouble, and you can not use the normal login process to reach the server, you can use a special login to log into the server without any instance. Here is how to use SQL*Plus to log in as a system BDA: &gt;... 2020-09-15, 2974🔥, 0💬

Declare Local Variables in Oracle
How To Declare a Local Variable in Oracle? A local variable can be defined in the declaration part with a declaration statement, which is a variable name followed a data type identifier. Below are some examples of declaration statements: PROCEDURE proc_var_1 AS domain VARCHAR2(80); price REAL; is_fo... 2018-11-17, 2972🔥, 0💬

Start the Default Instance in Oracle
How To Use "startup" Command to Start Default Instance in Oracle? If you logged in to the server as a SYSDBA, you start the default instance with the "startup" command. Here is how to start the default instance in SQL*Plus in SYSDBA mode: &gt;.\bin\sqlplus Enter user-name: SYSTEM/fyicenter AS SY... 2020-09-15, 2968🔥, 0💬

ANSI Data Types in Oracle
What Are the ANSI Data Types Supported in Oracle in Oracle? The following ANSI data types are supported in Oracle: CHARACTER(n) / CHAR(n) CHARACTER VARYING(n) / CHAR VARYING(n) NATIONAL CHARACTER(n) / NATIONAL CHAR(n) / NCHAR(n) NATIONAL CHARACTER VARYING(n) / NATIONAL CHAR VARYING(n) / NCHAR VARYIN... 2020-04-14, 2966🔥, 0💬

Run SQL Statement through Web UI in Oracle
How To Run SQL Statements through the Web Interface in Oracle? If you don't like the command line interface offered by SQL*Plus, you can use the Web interface to run SQL statements. Here is how: Open your Web browser to http://localhost:8080/apex/ Log in to the server with the predefined sample user... 2019-05-01, 2963🔥, 0💬

Ways to Start a New Transaction in Oracle
How To Start a New Transaction in Oracle? There is no SQL statement to explicitly start a new transaction. Oracle server implicitly starts a new transaction with the following two conditions: The first executable statement of a new user session will automatically start a new transaction. The first e... 2019-09-16, 2962🔥, 0💬

Enter Comments in PL/SQL in Oracle
How To Enter Comments in PL/SQL in Oracle? There are two ways to enter comments into PL/SQL codes: SQL Statement Style: Starts you comment any where in the line but prefixed with '--'. The comment ends at the end of the line. C Language Style: Starts you comment any where in the line with '/*' and e... 2018-12-26, 2962🔥, 0💬

Types of PL/SQL Code Blocks in Oracle
What Are the Types PL/SQL Code Blocks in Oracle? There are 3 types of PL/SQL code blocks: Anonymous Block - A block of codes with no name. It may contain a declaration part, an execution part, and exception handlers. Stored Program Unit - A block of codes with a name. It is similar to an anonymous b... 2018-10-30, 2961🔥, 0💬

Instance Settings Stored in SPFile in Oracle
Where Are the Settings Stored for Each Instance in Oracle? Settings for each instance are stored in a file called Server Parameter File (SPFile). Oracle supports two types of parameter files, Text type, and Binary type. parameter files should be located in $ORACLE_HOME\database directory. A paramete... 2020-09-15, 2958🔥, 0💬

Create a Server Parameter File in Oracle
How To Create a Server Parameter File in Oracle? This is Step 5. The initialization parameter file is good to get an Oracle database instance started. But it is not ideal run an instance as production. You need to convert the initialization parameter file into a Server Parameter File (SPFile) using ... 2018-05-08, 2946🔥, 0💬

Create a New Table in Oracle
How To Create a New Table in Oracle? If you want to create a new table in your own schema, you can log into the server with your account, and use the CREATE TABLE statement. The following script shows you how to create a table: &gt;.\bin\sqlplus /nolog SQL&gt; connect HR/fyicenter Connected.... 2020-02-29, 2942🔥, 0💬

Divide Query Output into Groups in Oracle
How To Divide Query Output into Groups in Oracle? You can divide query output into multiple groups with the GROUP BY clause. It allows you specify a column as the grouping criteria, so that rows with the same value in the column will be considered as a single group. When the GROUP BY clause is speci... 2019-11-21, 2941🔥, 0💬

Assign a Tablespace to a User in Oracle
How To Assign a Tablespace to a Users in Oracle? When you create a new user, Oracle will assign the SYSTEM tablespace to the user by default. If you want to change this, you can assign a different table space to a user using the ALTER USER command. The following tutorial exercise changes user dev's ... 2019-06-29, 2938🔥, 0💬

Change User Password in Oracle
How To Change User Password in Oracle? If you want to change a user's password, you can log in as SYSTEM and use the ALTER USER command as shown in the following example: &gt;.\bin\sqlplus /nolog SQL&gt; connect SYSTEM/fyicenter Connected. SQL&gt; ALTER USER DEV IDENTIFIED BY beginner; U... 2019-07-09, 2935🔥, 0💬

Select Some Rows from a Table in Oracle
How To Select Some Rows from a Table in Oracle? If you don't want select all rows from a table, you can specify a WHERE clause to tell the query to return only the rows that meets the condition defined in the WHERE clause. The following select statement only returns rows that has department name sta... 2019-12-19, 2934🔥, 0💬

Oracle Data File - Unit of Physical Storage in Oracle
What Is an Oracle Data File in Oracle? An Oracle data file is a big unit of physical storage in the OS file system. One or many Oracle data files are organized together to provide physical storage to a single Oracle tablespace.   ⇒ Relations between a Tablespace and Data Files in Oracle ⇐ Oracle Ta... 2019-01-20, 2934🔥, 0💬

Show the Server Version in Oracle
How To Check the Server Version in Oracle? Oracle server version information is stored in a table called: PRODUCT_COMPONENT_VERSION. You can use a simple SELECT statement to view the version information like this: &gt;.\bin\sqlplus Enter user-name: SYSTEM/fyicenter AS SYSDBA Connected to an idle... 2020-09-15, 2932🔥, 0💬

Start a Specific Oracle Instance in Oracle
How To Start a Specific Oracle Instance in Oracle? A simple way to start a specific Oracle instance is to start the instance with the PFILE option as shown in the following example: &gt;.\bin\sqlplus /nolog SQL&gt; CONNECT / AS SYSDBA Connected. SQL&gt; STARTUP NOMOUNT PFILE=$ORACLE_HOME... 2018-05-08, 2932🔥, 0💬

Show All Columns in an Existing Table in Oracle
How To View All Columns in an Existing Table in Oracle? If you have an existing table and want to know how many columns are in the table and how they are defined, you can use the system view USER_TAB_COLUMNS as shown in the following tutorial exercise: SQL&gt; COL data_type FORMAT A12; SQL&g... 2019-05-14, 2928🔥, 0💬

Categories of Data Types in Oracle
How Many Categories of Data Types in Oracle? Oracles supports the following categories of data types: Oracle Built-in Datatypes. ANSI, DB2, and SQL/DS Datatypes. User-Defined Types. Oracle-Supplied Types.   ⇒ Oracle Built-in Data Types in Oracle ⇐ What Is SQL Standard in Oracle ⇑ Understanding SQL ... 2020-05-29, 2925🔥, 0💬

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General MySQL Oracle SQL Server